Sensitive endpoint bruteforce¶

Description¶

During our security assessment, we identified a vulnerability in the rate-limiting mechanism of a public mutation endpoint. Multiple requests to this endpoint were made without triggering any rate-limiting defenses. This lack of rate limitation exposes the endpoint to brute force attacks, where an attacker could try numerous combinations of credentials or inputs to gain unauthorized access or disrupt services. Such vulnerabilities are critical, especially if the endpoint handles sensitive data or critical functions.

Remediation¶

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is crucial to implement an effective rate limiting mechanism on the mutation endpoint. This should include limiting the number of requests a user can make within a given time frame, and escalating restrictions for repeated violations. Consider using tools like Redis for efficient rate limiting. Additionally, implement alert mechanisms for unusual traffic patterns or repeated failed attempts, which can be early indicators of a brute force attack.

GraphQL Specific¶

Apollo

To mitigate the risk of brute force attacks on sensitive endpoints in the Apollo framework engine, implement rate limiting and account lockout policies. Additionally, enforce strong password policies, utilize multi-factor authentication, and monitor logs for suspicious activities. Ensure that the Apollo server is up-to-date with the latest security patches and configure HTTPS to encrypt data in transit.

Yoga

To mitigate the risk of sensitive endpoint brute force attacks in the Yoga framework engine, implement rate limiting to restrict the number of requests a user can make within a given timeframe. Additionally, use CAPTCHA challenges after a certain number of failed attempts to ensure that the requests are made by humans rather than automated scripts. Employ multi-factor authentication to add an extra layer of security, and monitor logs for repeated failed attempts to detect potential attacks. Ensure that all sensitive endpoints are protected with strong access controls and authentication mechanisms.

Awsappsync

To mitigate the risk of sensitive endpoint brute force attacks in AWS AppSync, implement rate limiting to control the number of requests a user can make within a given timeframe. Utilize AWS WAF (Web Application Firewall) to set up rules that block or flag IP addresses that exceed request thresholds. Additionally, enable AWS AppSync's built-in authentication mechanisms and configure field-level authorization to ensure that only authenticated and authorized users can access sensitive data or operations. Regularly review and update your security policies to adapt to new threats.

Graphqlgo

Implement rate limiting and request throttling to prevent brute force attacks on sensitive endpoints. Additionally, use strong authentication mechanisms and monitor logs for suspicious activities.

Graphqlruby

To mitigate the risk of sensitive endpoint brute force attacks in a GraphQL Ruby framework, implement rate limiting to restrict the number of requests a user can make within a given timeframe. Additionally, use strong authentication mechanisms and monitor logs for suspicious activities. Consider also implementing CAPTCHA challenges after a certain number of failed attempts to further protect against automated attacks.

Hasura

To mitigate the risk of brute force attacks on sensitive endpoints in the Hasura framework, implement rate limiting to restrict the number of requests a user can make within a given time frame. Additionally, use strong authentication mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication (MFA) to protect against unauthorized access. Monitor logs for suspicious activities and consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to detect and block malicious traffic patterns. Ensure that your Hasura GraphQL engine is up to date with the latest security patches.

Agoo

Implement robust rate limiting on sensitive endpoints to prevent brute force attacks in the Agoo framework engine.

Ariadne

Implement robust rate limiting on the public mutation endpoint to prevent brute force attacks, ensuring that repeated requests from the same source are detected and throttled effectively.

Caliban

Implement robust rate limiting and request throttling mechanisms on the Caliban framework's public mutation endpoints to prevent brute force attacks.

Dgraph

Implement robust rate limiting on public mutation endpoints to prevent brute force attacks in the Dgraph framework.

Dianajl

Implement robust rate limiting on the public mutation endpoint in the DianaJL framework engine to prevent brute force attacks and ensure secure handling of sensitive data.

Directus

Implement robust rate limiting and request throttling on sensitive endpoints in the Directus framework to prevent brute force attacks.

Flutter

Implement rate limiting and request throttling on sensitive endpoints to prevent brute force attacks in the Flutter framework engine.

Graphene

Implement rate limiting and authentication mechanisms for Graphene endpoints

Graphqlapiforwp

Implement robust rate limiting and monitoring on GraphQL endpoints to prevent brute force attacks.

Graphqlgophergo

Implement robust rate limiting and authentication mechanisms for GraphQL endpoints in the GopherGo framework to prevent brute force attacks.

Graphqljava

Implement rate limiting on GraphQL mutation endpoints to prevent brute force attacks by restricting the number of requests from a single IP address within a specified timeframe.

Graphqlphp

Implement rate limiting and request throttling on GraphQL endpoints to prevent brute force attacks.

Graphqlyoga

Implement rate limiting on the GraphQL Yoga server to restrict the number of requests per client within a specific timeframe, ensuring that excessive requests are blocked to prevent brute force attacks.

Hypergraphql

Implement robust rate limiting and request throttling mechanisms on sensitive endpoints to prevent brute force attacks in the HyperGraphQL framework.

Jaal

Implement robust rate limiting and monitoring on the public mutation endpoint to prevent brute force attacks.

Juniper

Implement robust rate limiting on the public mutation endpoint in the Juniper framework to prevent brute force attacks by restricting the number of requests allowed from a single source within a specified timeframe.

Lacinia

Implement robust rate limiting and request throttling mechanisms for sensitive endpoints in the Lacinia framework to prevent brute force attacks.

Lighthouse

Implement robust rate limiting on the public mutation endpoint to prevent brute force attacks and ensure the security of sensitive data and critical functions.

Mercurius

Implement rate limiting on the public mutation endpoint in the Mercurius framework to prevent brute force attacks by restricting the number of requests allowed from a single IP address within a specified time frame.

Morpheusgraphql

Implement robust rate limiting and request throttling mechanisms on the Morpheus GraphQL engine to prevent brute force attacks on sensitive endpoints.

Qglgen

Implement robust rate limiting and request throttling mechanisms on the GraphQL endpoint to prevent brute force attacks, ensuring that repeated requests from the same source are detected and mitigated effectively.

Sangria

Implement rate limiting and request throttling on the public mutation endpoint to prevent brute force attacks, ensuring that repeated requests from the same source are detected and blocked.

Shopify

Implement robust rate limiting on public mutation endpoints to prevent brute force attacks, ensuring that repeated requests from the same source are detected and throttled effectively.

Stepzen

Implement robust rate limiting on the public mutation endpoint in the StepZen framework to prevent brute force attacks by restricting the number of requests allowed from a single source within a specified timeframe.

Strawberry

Implement robust rate limiting on the public mutation endpoint to prevent brute force attacks by restricting the number of requests allowed from a single IP address within a specified timeframe.

Tartiflette

Implement a robust rate-limiting mechanism for the public mutation endpoint in the Tartiflette framework to prevent brute force attacks and ensure the security of sensitive data and critical functions.

Wpgraphql

Implement robust rate limiting and monitoring on the wpgraphql mutation endpoints to prevent brute force attacks and ensure secure handling of requests.

REST Specific¶

Asp_net

Implement a robust rate-limiting mechanism using ASP.NET's built-in features or third-party libraries. Configure the rate limiter to define thresholds for the number of requests allowed from a single IP address within a set time window. Utilize the `IApplicationBuilder.UseMiddleware` method to integrate the rate-limiting middleware into the request pipeline. Additionally, consider adding CAPTCHA challenges after a certain number of failed attempts to further protect against automated brute force attacks.

Ruby_on_rails

Implement a robust rate-limiting mechanism using Rack::Attack or a similar middleware. Configure it to limit the number of requests allowed from a single IP address to the sensitive endpoint within a specified time window. This will help prevent brute force attacks by blocking excessive requests. Additionally, ensure that the endpoint implements strong authentication and logging to detect and respond to suspicious activities promptly.

Next_js

Implement a robust rate-limiting mechanism using middleware such as 'express-rate-limit' for Next.js API routes. Configure it to limit the number of requests a user can make to the sensitive endpoint within a set time window. Additionally, consider adding CAPTCHA verification after a certain number of failed attempts to prevent automated brute force attacks.

Laravel

Implement a robust rate-limiting mechanism using Laravel's built-in 'throttle' middleware. Configure the middleware to limit the number of requests allowed per minute per user or IP address. Adjust the thresholds according to the sensitivity of the endpoint and ensure that the system logs excessive access attempts for further analysis and response.

Express_js

Implement a robust rate-limiting middleware in the Express.js application, such as 'express-rate-limit'. Configure it to limit the number of requests a user can make to the sensitive endpoint within a set period. Adjust the threshold and time window according to the endpoint's sensitivity and expected traffic. Additionally, consider adding CAPTCHA challenges after a certain number of failed attempts and ensure proper logging of request patterns to detect and respond to potential brute force attacks.

Django

Implement a robust rate-limiting mechanism using Django's cache framework or third-party packages like 'django-ratelimit'. Configure the rate-limiter to track the number of requests per user/IP and set sensible thresholds to prevent brute force attacks. Additionally, enforce account lockout policies after a certain number of failed attempts and ensure logging of such events for monitoring and alerting purposes.

Symfony

Implement a robust rate-limiting mechanism using Symfony's 'RateLimiter' component. Configure it to define limits based on the number of requests over time from a single IP or user account. Set strict thresholds and use a sliding window algorithm to prevent brute force attacks. Additionally, ensure that the system logs excessive requests and alerts administrators to potential abuse. Consider using CAPTCHAs or requiring multi-factor authentication after a certain number of failed attempts to further enhance security.

Spring_boot

Implement a robust rate-limiting mechanism using Spring Boot's built-in support or third-party libraries like Bucket4j or Guava RateLimiter. Configure the rate limiter to define the maximum number of requests allowed from a single IP address within a specific time window, and enforce a cooldown period after the limit is exceeded. Additionally, integrate the rate limiter with Spring Security to enhance the overall security posture of the application. Monitor and adjust the rate limits based on traffic patterns and threat intelligence to prevent brute force attacks effectively.

Flask

Implement a robust rate-limiting mechanism using Flask extensions such as Flask-Limiter. Configure it to define request limits based on IP address or user account, and set appropriate time windows to prevent brute force attacks. Additionally, ensure that the endpoint implements account lockout policies after a certain number of failed attempts and provides alerts for multiple failed attempts to detect potential attacks.

Nuxt

Implement robust rate-limiting on the vulnerable endpoint using Nuxt.js middleware or third-party libraries such as `express-rate-limit` for server-side rate-limiting. Configure the rate limiter to define a maximum number of allowed requests within a specific time window from a single IP address. Additionally, consider adding CAPTCHA challenges after a certain threshold of failed attempts to prevent automated attacks. Ensure that the rate-limiting mechanism is tested thoroughly to confirm its effectiveness against brute force attacks.

Fastapi

Implement a robust rate-limiting mechanism using a middleware that tracks the number of requests from a single IP address or user account over a given time period. This can be achieved by integrating a library like `slowapi` with FastAPI, which leverages `limits` and `redis` to enforce rate limits. Configure the limits to be strict enough to prevent brute force attacks but lenient enough to allow for normal user interaction. Additionally, ensure that the endpoint implements account lockout policies after a certain number of failed attempts and provides alerts for multiple failed attempts, which could indicate a brute force attack in progress.

Frappe

Implement robust rate limiting on public mutation endpoints to prevent brute force attacks, ensuring that repeated requests from the same source are detected and blocked effectively.

Genzio

Implement robust rate limiting on the public mutation endpoint in the Genzio framework engine to prevent brute force attacks and ensure secure handling of requests.

Gin

Implement middleware in the Gin framework to enforce rate limiting on sensitive endpoints, using libraries like 'gin-contrib/limiter' to prevent brute force attacks.

Gorilla

Implement robust rate limiting on the public mutation endpoint to prevent brute force attacks by restricting the number of requests allowed from a single IP address within a specified timeframe.

Hapi

Implement rate limiting using the 'hapi-rate-limit' plugin to protect sensitive endpoints from brute force attacks by restricting the number of requests a client can make in a given timeframe.

Hono

Implement robust rate limiting on the public mutation endpoint to prevent brute force attacks by restricting the number of requests allowed from a single IP address within a specified timeframe.

Jersey

Implement rate limiting using a filter in the Jersey framework to restrict the number of requests to the sensitive endpoint, ensuring it can handle a predefined number of requests per user or IP address within a specific time frame.

Koa

Implement rate limiting middleware in the Koa framework to restrict the number of requests to sensitive endpoints, thereby mitigating brute force attacks.

Ktor

Implement rate limiting middleware in the Ktor framework to restrict the number of requests to sensitive endpoints, thereby mitigating brute force attacks.

Leptos

Implement robust rate limiting on sensitive endpoints to prevent brute force attacks in the Leptos framework.

Macaron

Implement middleware to enforce rate limiting on sensitive endpoints in the Macaron framework to prevent brute force attacks.

Phoenix

Implement rate limiting using Phoenix's built-in Plug or a third-party library to restrict the number of requests to sensitive endpoints, thereby mitigating brute force attacks.

Redwoodjs

Implement rate limiting on the public mutation endpoint using RedwoodJS middleware to restrict the number of requests from a single IP address within a specified timeframe, thereby mitigating brute force attack risks.

Rocket

Implement rate limiting on the public mutation endpoint to prevent brute force attacks by restricting the number of requests allowed from a single IP address within a specified time frame.

Sveltekit

Implement rate limiting middleware in the SvelteKit server to restrict the number of requests to sensitive endpoints, ensuring that excessive requests from a single source are blocked to prevent brute force attacks.

Configuration¶

Identifier: access_control/sensitive_endpoint_bruteforce

Examples¶

Ignore this check¶

checks:
  access_control/sensitive_endpoint_bruteforce:
    skip: true

Score¶

Escape Severity:

Compliance¶

OWASP: API3:2023
OWASP LLM: LLM04:2023
pci: 6.5.10
gdpr: Article-32
soc2: CC1
psd2: Article-95
iso27001: A.14.2
nist: SP800-53
fedramp: AC-7

Classification¶

CWE: 307

Score¶

CVSS_VECTOR: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
CVSS_SCORE: 5.3

References¶

https://developer.redis.com/howtos/ratelimiting/